Furnace.



G. P. WHITEl FUHNACE. APPLICATION rlLED |uLY13'.1914.

Patented Ja11.1,1918.' 4 SHEETS-*SHEET j M m. j

G.P. wHl'TE.

FUHNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13. i914.V

1,252,210. Patented Jan.1,191&

4 sains-sneu a.'

't UNITED salaries OFFICE.

GEORGE r. WHITE, lor Pensons, Kansas. streiten or ONE-nam# 'ro s. 1. ALQUIs'r,

QF DETROIT,

.ntomas-N. y

HFURNACE.

To all whom it may concern.-

- Be it known that l, GEORGE P. lVIIrrE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Parsons, in Ithe county ofv Labette and State of Kansas, have` invented certain nevi7 and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to furnaces, and more particularly to a fluid 4fuel furnace suitable for use as a blacksmiths forge or in other similar situations.

One of the principal objects of the invention lis to provide, in a furnace of this type, certain new constructions and arrangements whereby thefuel is completely consumed and the heat developedI is utilized to the full extent.

A further Objectis to provide'a furnace in which the Wol-kino' or ilam'eschamber in which the 4metal or other articles are heated, is maintained at substantially a uniform temperature throughout.

The invention has in View particularly a stacklcss furnace involving the employment o f certain novel devices andconstructions to be hereinafter more fullydescribed for introducing the products of combustion into and forcing the 'same through the Working chamber by means of air blasts, thereby sa'vin the heat losses incident to a stack draft.

"lhe invention consists furthermore in a `construction of the Working chamber and of means for introducing the flamesinto the same whereby the tendency of the flames to issue from the-working openings to the discomfort and inconvenience of theworkman, is checked` The invention consists further in the other` novel and improved constructions, ar-

rangements, devices and combina-tions relating to furnace construction which will be hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is illustrated, in a preferred embodiment, in the accompanying drawings in Which x Figure 1 is a side elevation of an oil burninfr furnace;

fig 2, a sectional plan taken on line 2--2 of Fig. 1.',

. Fig..3, a longitudinal vertical section of the furna( f, on a larger scale Fgpfl, a cross sectional yiew online 4-4 Speoicatinn ot Letters Patent.

Application led July 13, 1914. Serial No. 850,711.

of, pe'rfera Fig. 5, a fragmentary plan on line 5-*5 of Fig. 4:; g

Fig. G, an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the burner, and

Fig. 7, a sectional perspective View of the furnace lookin toward the bridge Wall intended particu arly to illustrate the movement-s of air through the air ducts and of the products of combustion through the combustion and Working chambers.

Like characters of reference desi ate like parts in the several'figures of the rawings.

The furnace structure consists of a metal shell 10 lined as usual With lire brick l1.l

'ldesignates the working chamber and 13,

a combustion chamber at-one 'end thereof,

these Vtwo Chambers being separated by a bridge wall lil. The working chamber is provided With any suitable number of working openings l5 through one side wall there lbly near the floor 16. i

If oil is tobe burned as a fuel I refer ably employ the burnerbest shown 1n Fig. (i. 17 designates an oil nozzle which is tapped into a fitting 18 with which the oil supply pipe 19 is connected. The oil nozzle is surrounded by ay compressed air nozzle 20 which is tapped into a iitting 21 to which extends a pipe 22 connectedwitha source of supply of compressed air (not shown). Surrounding the oil and compressed air nozzles is an air blast pipe or nozzle 23 of considerably largerV diameter than the other Patented Jan.1,1918

istl

Vsa

two, which has an opening 24 communicating 'with anair trunk 25 connected with a fan or blower (not shown). The upper ends of the nozzles 17 and 20 are coned, as shown,

with the result that the compressed airin the latter cuts oll and atomizes the' oil as it imV issues through the discharge orifice of the f former. The end of the air blast pipe or flame. The structure 27 in whic combustion chamber 13 is formed, ismade with u.

loose brick 28 which can be removed 4for 4the purpose of lighting the burner.

The burner above described 1s preferably u tical llame upward. through the 'combustion nozzle 23 is` also flanged over as lshown at 26 so as todrect theair blast ay ainsttlvi4V roo, l

chamber.

ably a vortical or whirling air blast which bustion from the burner at the back of the combustion chamber and operates to carry said flames and gases of combustion over the bridge wall 14 and forward spirally through the workin chamber as shown in Fig. 7.

' To accomplishthis the `end structure 27 of the furnace is formed with two ducts'29, 30, which are directed one toward the other but at a slight anglefthe duct 29 having a slight upward inclination and the duct 30 a slight downward inclination. These ducts are connected to the main air trunk 25 by branch air pipes 31. The meeting of these two currents produces a vortex or whirling blast in the space 32 which passes downwardly through ue 33 and' into the .combustion chamber through a short flue 34. and a continuation of the same designated 34". 4Acting against the flame from the burner itV carries the products of combustion over the bridge Wall 14 throu h a continuation 34 of flue 34 and thence orwardly through the working chamber in spirals. The continuation 34a of flue 34 is small in cross-sectional area relative to the working chamber. It

is located preferably close up to the" archA 35 of the working chamber and is flared in width toward said working chamber as shown in Fig. 2. Itwill be observedfrom Fig. 7 that the movement, of the products of combustion is from the roof downwardly and outwardly toward the wall in which the working openings 15 are located, and upwardly along the opposite wall. The tend ency, therefore, of the flames to issue from vthe working openings is" minimized. The workingl openings might be arranged on the other side of the furnace by reversing the inclination of ducts 29 30. This movement of the gases of lcombustion i,through the working chamber results in a substantially-w uniform temperature throughout the chambe'r. The loss of heat by radiation and the diminution of Vthe velocity of the blast lengthwise of the chamber are preferably compensated by giving the roof or arch 35 .a slant in the direction away from the bridge wall so as'to diminish the cross sectional area of the chamber in this direction. The llames traveling along under the gradu ally sloping and rounded arch of the working chamber are reflected downwardly upon' the articles to be heated which, it will be un-I derstood are forced through the' working openings 15.

I have shown 'the invention as embodied in an -oil burning forge furnace. Obviously the principles ofthe invention might beap'; plied to furnaces quite different in their de sign, construction and purpose. 'Therefore I do not Wish to be understood as limiting 4"the invention to the precise constructions,

My invention. provides preferthe bridge wall, or the wall or roof of thefurnace may be formed with an opening tor that purpose. The compressed air supplied by the burners serves to completely break up and atomize the oil. The fan blast surrounding the atomizing nozzle supplies the oxygen needful for combustion. Steam might be used in place of the compressed air. In lmost furnaces ofthis general type in which the products of combustion are carried into the iiames chamber by an air blast, it is necessary to use a high power blast. I have found it possible to use a blast of comparatively low pressure, obtaining just as high a temperature in the working chamber which, moreover, is uniform from end to end.

I claim:

1. A stackless-furnace comprising a horizontally disposed working chamber having an opening at one end smaller in height and width than said chamber, a. burner located outside said chamber below the opening, and means whereby a vertical draft may be applied to the gases of combustion rom said burner -to carry same through said opening and lengthwise of said working chamber by a spiral movement.

2. A stackless furnace comprising a horizontally disposed working chamber of diminishing cross-sectional area from end to end, and provided with working openings, and means for'introducing gases of combustion into the chamber at the large end and imparting a whirling movement to the same which carries said gases'horizontally through the chamber by a spiral movement, the axis of which is transverse of the said working openings.

3. A stackless furnace comprising a horizontally disposed working chamber havin a working opening in one side thereof, an means for 'introducing gases of combustion into said chamber at one end and imparting a whirling movement to' the' same, which carries said gases horizontally through said chamber in a spiral movement, the axis of whichi` is longitudinal of the chamber; the Working opening being arranged with respect. to the direction ofthe spiral movement so that the gases in that side of the chamber irst impin'ge upon the walland then move over and away from the opening toward the adjacent wall.

4. The combination with a furnace pro- 45 chamber and a bridge wall between the same, of Va vertical burner extending into the botl50 ducts bac vided with a working chamber, a combus-- of the working chamber is diminished in the direction away from the bridge wall.

5. The combination with a furnace provided with a working chamber, a combustion chamber and a bridge wall between the same, of means for supplying fuel and .air

vto the combustion chamber Vin the form of a vertical flame, and means for subjecting said liame to a vortical air blast whichcarries the flame over the bridge wall and forward spirally through said Working chamber.

6. The combination with a furnace provided-with a working chamber, a combustion chamber and a bridge wall between the u same, of means for sup lying fuel and air to-the combustion cham r, t e furnace being formed with a pair o fair blast ducts directed one toward the other but slightly out of alinement so as to produce a vortical i air blast back of said flame.

7. The combination with a furnace provided with. a working chamber, a combustion-,chamber and a bridge *wall between the same, of means for supplying fuel and air -to the combustion chamber, the furnace being formed with a pair of air blast ducts directed'one toward the other, onefhaving a slight inclination upward and the other a slight inclination downward `from the 40 horizontal` and with a flue leading from the meeting place of the'afore'mentioned ducts' f into the combustion chamber on the opposite side from the bridge wall. l i

' The combination with 'a furnace comprlsmg a4 working chamber, a combustion tom of said combustion chamber, said furnace being provided with a pair of air blast of said combustion chamber and directed one toward the other but out of alinement so as to produce a vortical blast, and with a flue leadin from the meeting place of 4the aforementionedJ ducts into the Lnpper part of the combustion chamber on fthe side opposite the brid e wall.

` 9; Ihe combination wit a furnace comprising a working chamberwhichhas an intake in one end and is substantially closed attheother end, of means for introducing gases of combustion` into said working chamber and lmpartmgaa vortical movement thereto which carries the same forwardspirally through said chamber toward the closed end, theu side wall of the-working back of the opening an atomizing liquid fuel burner in said comchamber against which the products of combastion impinge in their downward movement being provided near the bottom with a working opening.

10. The combination with a furnace comprising a working chamber having a workmg opening in one side, of means for introducing gases of combustion into said working chamber at one end thereof and imparting a vortical movement thereto which carries said gases .forward through said chamber with a spiral movement, the axis of which is substantially parallel to the side `havin the working openin therein, and the directlon of which causes t e ases to move inwardly away from said wor ing opening.

11. In a furnace, the combination of a combustion chamber having an opening, a working chamber communicatin with the combustion chamber through said opening, means for producin a vortical air blast back of the opening between said chambers, and means for atomizing and burning a liquidfuel and for carrying the flame into contact with said vortical air blast.

12. In a furnace, the combination of a combustion chamber having an opening, a working chamber communlcatin with the combustion chamber through said opening,

means for :producing a vortical air blast etween said chambers,

bustion chamber, and means for directing a draft of air against the flame from said burner carrying the same into contact with the vortical air blast.

13. A furnace comprisin a Working chamber, a combustion cham .ing Hue between the same of smaller crosssectional area than the working chamber, a vertically arranged burner in said combustion chamber, an air duct which leads to the combustion chamber back o'fand `in line with said connecting` flue, and means Vfor admitting an air blast into said air duct so as to impart a vortical movement to the products of combustion and to carry said 'products of combustion through said flue and into the working chamber.

14. A furnace comprising a horizontally disposed working chamber having an arched roof, a combustion chamber, a flue smaller 4in length and width than the Working chamber which connects said chambers and opens into the working chamber above the Ifloor which leads to the'combustion chamber back of and inv line with said connecting flue, and means comprising intersecting air ductsarranged eccentrically and communicating with said airflue so as to provide for the introduction. of a blast vof 'air into said air flue to carry the products of combustion with a vortical movement through said connecting ilueand working chamber.

iso

and close to the arch thereof, an. air flue i.

15. A furnace comprising a horizontally disposed working'chamber havin an arched roof, a. combustion chamber, a ue smaller in length and width than the Working chamber which connects said chambers and opens into the working chamber above the floor and close under the arch thereof, the arch of said working chamber sloping downwardly away from the Hue, an air flue which leads to the combustion chamber back of and in line with said connecting fine, and means comprising intersecting air ducts arranged eccentrically and cmnmnnicating with said air Hue so as to provide for the introductionv of a. blast of air into said air flue to carry the products of combustion with a vortical movement through said connecting line and working chamber.

16. A furnace comprising a Working chamber, a combustion' chamber', ay line of smaller cross-sectionalarea than said working chamber which connects said Chambers, a burner in said combustion chamber, an air duct which leads to the combustion chamber back of and in line with said connecting five, and two branch lines which intersect at an angle to each otherat the inlet end of said air duct.

17 A furnace comprising a chamber, afcombustion chamber, a fil o smaller cross-sectional area than saidworking chamber, which connects said chambers, a.

burner in said combustion chamber,4 an air duct which leads into the chamber back of and in linewith the connecting fine, and two branch air ducts which are eccentrically arranged and which open into the air duct on opposite sides thereof. v 18. A furnace comprising a working chamber, a combustion chamber, a iue of smaller cross-sectional arca than the combustion chamber which connects said chambers, a burner in said combustion chamber, an angular' air duct which leads to the combustion chamber with its discharge end back of and in line with said connecting fine, and branch fines which intersect at an angle to each other at the end of said air duct.

19. A furnace'. comprising a working chamber, a .combustion chamber, a fine smaller in height and Width than the'workin .chamber which connects said chambers and is flared in width in the direction to- Ward the Working chamber, an air duct which leads to the combustion chamber back of and in line with said connecting Hue and intersecting air ducts communicating with .i

.said first-named airduct.

20.A A' furnace comprising a horizontally disposed Working .chamber formed with an arched roof, a combustion chamber, a fine smaller in height and width than the working chamber whichconnects said-chambers pening close under the arch ofthe-werking wo jlrin A chamber and'is flared in Width in the direction of said working chamber, a burner in said combustion chamber, an air duct which leads to the combustion chamber back of und in line with said connecting flue, and a pair of intersecting air ducts communicating with the fii-st-mentioned air duct,

21. A furnace comprisin a horizontally disposed working chamber ila-ving a bridge wall at one end formed with a flue up ALinder the. arch of said working chamber, a com-v bastion chamber back of said Wall and a burner arranged in said combustion chainber. said furnace being provided with an lair duct arranged to deliver blasts of air against the products of combustion. as they are. delivered from said combustion chamber, and cccentrically arranged intersecting air ducts communicating at their intersection with said first-mentioned air duct.

Q2. A furnace comprising a horizontally disposed working chamber having a bridge wall at one end formed with a 'Hue close up under the arch of said workingchamber, a combustion bharaber back ci said bridge wall, and a burner arranged in said combustion chambert` said furnace being provided with an air duct arranged le deliver blasts of air against the predire* combustion as the;7 are' delivered. fri s combustion chamber, and with ecccn neatly .arranged air ducts which intersect at an angle to each other and communicate at their point oi intersection. with saidirst-mentioned air duct.

23. A furnace. comprising a horizontally disposed Working chamber having a bridge wall at one end formed with an. opening near the top, a' combustion. chamber hack of said bridgewall, a vertically arranged burner in said combustion chamber, due connect ing said combustion chamber 'with said .vorking'chamber sai-d .fu `vided with an air arran d back of sa?. combustion chamber and in iine with said flue, and with a'psir ci cceenlrically arranged intersecting air duc-ts communicating at their intersection with said first-niena toned air duet. y

24. A furnace comprising a. horizontally disposed Working chamber, a combustion, chamber, aline smaller in length and width than the working chamber which connects said chambers and opens into the working chamber above the Hoor and close lo the arranged to direct impinging blasts of air into said air Hue so as tc carryv4 he products of combustion from said combuslion chamber through sai-d connecting .lne and working chamber. A

25. A furnace comprising a horizontally disposed working Chamber, a combustion chamber, u flue smaller in length'and Width than the working chamberV which connects said chambers und opens ito the Working chamber above the Hoor and close to the roof thereof', a-n air flue which leads to the combustion chamber back of and in line with said cnnectng Hue, oppositely disposed air ducts communicating with s-nid nitj flue and arranged to cause blasts of air 10Y therefrom to mutually impnge'. thereby breaking up the currents ovl1 air.

GEORGE P. WHITE. Witnesses:

W. H. MA'npooxs, R. R. BATE.-V 

